Strain Origin: Brooksville, Florida

Cap: 10-25 (29) mm in diameter. Pins brown to very dark brown maturing to grey brown often darker in the center. Occasionally observed with a scalloped margin.

Stem: (30) 80-100 mm long by 1.5-3 mm thick

Gills: Adnexed with 3 to 4 tiers of intermediate gills.

Spores: 11-13 microns, black in deposit, somewhat transparent with visible internal granulations under magnification. 4-spored with the occasional 2-spored basidium.

Comments: This sample is a very good match to the type with only slightly larger (by 1 micron) spores and slightly wider (by 1 micron) pleurocystidia. This species is described as having 2-spore basidia in Stamets (1996) but the original description by Ola’h (1969) and later Gerhardt (1996) clearly describe P. tropicalis as having 4-spored basidia with the occasional 2-spored basidium on the same mushroom. The pear shaped cheliocystidia are distinctive and help differentiate this species from other similar Copelandia species.

Highly domesticated and stable with low genetic variability in culture.

See the Sporeworks Gallery for microscopy images of P. tropicalis.

Selected References:

Gerhardt E., 1996. Taxonomische Revision der Gattungen Panaeolus und Panaeolina. Bibl. Bot. 47, Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.

Ola’h, G.M., 1969. Le genre Panaeolus: essai taxonomique et physiologique. Revue de Mycologie, Memoire Hors-Serie 10.

Stamets, P., 1996. Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World. Berkeley, Calif.: Ten Speed Press.

* Spores intended for microscopy and taxonomy purposes only. Images provided for informational and educational reference only and originate from cultivators and labs outside the US. Cultivation of this species is illegal in many countries including the United States. Please check your local regulations.

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